Over-the-counter, herbal, and home remedies

Over-the-counter medications for insomnia rely on antihistamines to sedate the brain. These should be avoided because they can cause grogginess the next day, as well as constipation, confusion, and even delirium, especially in older people.

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Many people try to treat their insomnia with alcohol. It is true that alcohol helps you fall asleep, but it interferes with sleep later in the night, so drinking actually makes sleep worse overall.

Several dietary supplements, including melatonin and valerian root, are said to help sleep, but there is little evidence to support the claims. Unlike with drugs, manufacturers of dietary supplements are not required to prove that their products are safe or effective before marketing them.