All children and adults with heart defects must take extra precautions when undergoing a noncardiac surgical procedure. A relatively simple surgery like an appendectomy can be life-threatening for an individual with a complex congenital heart defect like Eisenmenger's syndrome because the hearts and lungs may respond unpredictably to anesthesia or the stress of surgery. Noncardiac surgeries may need to be performed at a special center that has cardiac anesthesia and cardiologists familiar with the complications of congenital heart defects.
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