Heart failure and valve disease

The heart's valves ensure that blood flows in one direction through the heart. Heart valve disease causes the valves either to not close properly (resulting in a leaky valve) or to not open fully (resulting in a narrowed valve opening). Both types of valve disease cause the heart to work harder, which over time may lead to heart failure.

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Heart valve disease is caused by infection, congenital heart disease, and aging. The decision to prescribe medical treatment or proceed with surgical repair or replacement is based on the type of valve disease you have, the severity of the damage, your age, and your medical history.