Antibiotics

Antibiotics are used to treat Crohn's disease despite the fact that a link between bacteria and the development of the disease has not been proven. They are used to treat fistulas, perianal disease, abscesses, and Crohn's disease of the ileum.

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The most commonly used antibiotic is metronidazole (Flagyl), an antibiotic also prescribed for treating parasites and vaginal infections. It is particularly useful for Crohn's patients who have anal fistulas. Metronidazole interacts badly with alcohol, so patients taking the drug should refrain from drinking. Chronic useat high doses has been associated with permanent nerve damage, so the drug should be stopped if patients experience numbness or tingling in their fingertips, toes, or other extremities.

Ciprofloxacin (Cipro), another antibiotic, has been as effective as some 5-ASAs in treating mild to moderate Crohn's disease. It is sometimes prescribed in combination with metronidazole for Crohn's disease that affects the ileum and the anal area.