Transrectal ultrasound

If the results of a digital rectal exam, a PSA test, or both are suspicious for cancer, transrectal ultrasound is used to determine the size of the prostate, identify areas of possible cancer, and direct the needles used for prostate biopsy. The procedure takes 15 to 20 minutes and is performed on an outpatient basis. Some physicians use a local anesthetic such as lidocaine (Xylocaine) to reduce discomfort during the procedure. While the patient is lying on his side, an ultrasound probe (about the size of a finger) is gently inserted 3 to 4 inches into the rectum. The probe emits sound waves that are converted to video images. The images are generated with the probe in several positions as it is gradually withdrawn from the rectum.

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