Endometrial biopsy

In an endometrial biopsy, tissue is removed from the endometrium by inserting a thin, flexible tube through the cervix and into the uterus. The person doing the biopsy removes a small amount of endometrial tissue through the tube, using suction. A pathologist views the tissue under a microscope to look for abnormal cells.

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The biopsy takes just a few minutes. Most women experience, at most, some mild discomfort, similar to menstrual cramps. If needed, local anesthetic may be used to numb the cervix, and taking ibuprofen before the test may help prevent pain.

An endometrial biopsy can be somewhat more difficult and painful for older women because the vagina or cervix may not be very stretchable (elastic) or may have a small opening, which can make it difficult to insert the instruments.

Most women experience little discomfort after this procedure and may resume normal activities. Intercourse, douching, taking a bath, and the use of tampons are usually not permitted for two days.