How Multiple Sclerosis Progresses

The course of multiple sclerosis varies widely from person to person, and there is no way to predict on an individual level how or when the disease will progress. However, researchers have defined four basic types of MS progression:

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Relapsing-remitting: This form of MS is characterized by acute attacks ("exacerbations") lasting at least 24 hours, which are followed by full or partial recovery. During remission periods, which can last from months to years, the disease does not worsen. The vast majority of people who suffer from the condition are diagnosed with this type.

Primary progressive: This less common type is characterized by a gradual, steady progression of disability, without obvious relapses or remissions. Onset tends to be later than age 40.

Secondary progressive: This type of MS begins with a relapsing-remitting period but then evolves into a steady deterioration.

Progressive relapsing: This rare form is characterized by a steady progression in disability accompanied by acute attacks that may or may not be followed by recovery.