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Psychotherapy
Many forms of psychotherapy can help depressed individuals. "Talking therapies" help patients gain insight into their problems through a conversation with the therapist. Sometimes this is supplemented with "homework" assignments between sessions. "Behavioral" therapists help patients learn how to gain more satisfaction from life by helping them "unlearn" the behavioral patterns that contribute to their depression, among other strategies.
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Two of the short-term (10 to 20 once-a-week sessions) psychotherapies that research has demonstrated are helpful for some forms of depression are interpersonal and cognitive behavioral therapies. Interpersonal therapy focuses on the patients' disturbed personal relationships that can both cause a depression and make it worse. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps patients change the negative styles of thinking and behaving that are often associated with depression. When patients are able to become aware of the triggers in their thoughts or behavior that may make them feel worse, they then can consciously change their reactions to them.
Psychodynamic therapy focuses on resolving the patient's conflicted feelings. It often centers on the way that unhappy childhood experiences may be resonating through adulthood. This type of therapy is often reserved until the depressive symptoms are significantly improved. In general, severe depressive illnesses, particularly those that are recurrent, will require medication along with, or preceding, psychotherapy.
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