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Post-traumatic stress disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder is a form of chronic psychological stress that follows exposure to a traumatic event such as an earthquake, a violent crime (rape, child abuse, murder), torture, an accident, terrorism, or warfare.
The symptoms include the following:
- recurrent, intrusive, distressing dreams and memories of the trauma
- a sudden sense that the event is recurring; experiencing flashbacks
- inability to remember aspects of the trauma
- markedly diminished interest in important activities
- feelings of detachment and estrangement from loved ones
- low expectations for the future
- insomnia or excessive fatigue
- extreme irritability
- inability to concentrate
- hypervigilance
Symptoms must last at least one month for a diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder. In the acute syndrome, symptoms begin within six months of the trauma. The chronic syndrome may be delayed in onset until more than six months after the event or may persist for more than six months afterward. Complications include anxiety, alcohol or drug abuse, depression, and marital or occupational problems.
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