Psychological counseling and medication

Psychological counseling. Talking to a psychologist or a therapist may help to manage the emotional stress that can exacerbate symptoms and may even help reduce the severity of symptoms. The need for psychological counseling is not a sign of weakness or mental instability, and it does not mean that a patient's symptoms are all "in their head." Rather, counseling can be valuable in helping to manage a chronic illness.

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Medication. Drug therapy for fibromyalgia can relieve pain and improve sleep. Since inflammation is not a part of this syndrome, corticosteroids or high doses of NSAIDs are not prescribed. However, judicious use of NSAIDs or acetaminophen may provide pain relief during flares.

Abnormal sleep patterns typically are treated with low doses of tricyclic antidepressants, such as amitriptyline (Elavil and Endep), or nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor). Antidepressant drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, such as fluoxetine (Prozac) and sertraline (Zoloft), are another option.

If people have severe pain in a specific area, injection of an anesthetic (usually procaine) can provide relief. Benefits are felt within two to five days and can last two to four months. However, injections can be given only every three months.

This section has more on the various medications used to treat fibromyalgia (PDF).