Fighting skin infections

Infections with bacteria and viruses are common among atopic dermatitis patients. For instance, over 90 percent of patients have the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus on their skin, and the breaks in the skin barrier caused by the rash and by scratching can lead to infection. It's very important that such infections be treated properly and promptly.

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For small, localized bacterial infections, a prescription topical antibiotic called mupirocin is often used. This is an ointment usually applied to the affected area 3 times per day for 1 to 2 weeks. The brand name of this drug is Bactroban.

For larger bacterial infections, a prescription systemic antibiotic called a cephalosporin is used. This is a pill, capsule, or liquid, and the exact dosage will be determined by a healthcare provider based on the bacteria to be treated and a patient's age, weight, and other physical conditions.

Viral infection is another complication of atopic dermatitis. Herpes simplex is a common viral culprit. Anti-infective drugs usually prescribed along with anti-inflammatory medication such as topical steroids or topical immunomodulators. These reduce the area of skin irritation, giving the infectious organisms fewer places to colonize and grow. Good skin hydration is also important in restoring the skin barrier to infectious agents.