Concussions Pose a Long-Term Health Threat to Young Athletes

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concussions

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Most Dangerous Sports for Children

Surprisingly, cycling is responsible for more children's trips to the Emergency Room for head injuries than football. And baseball/softball sends more kids to the ER for head injuries than soccer.

The Consumer Product Safety Commission data for all children's sports is summarized in Brain Injury in Sports at http://www.headbraininjuries.com/brain-injuries-sports.

Sports Concussions

As a former high school football team physician (1980's) I hope the pressure from the coach to keep playing and not ignore injuries will be eliminated by articles and findings like these, but realistically I doubt the pressure will be diminished in the slightest; our culture is so sports addicted coaches will keep on doing what they have always done: pressure the players to continue to perform in ways that are not in their best interest.

Response to concussion article

The article contains excellent educational information that informs parents about the risk of returning a child to play before he/she has fully recovered from a mild traumatic brain injury (concussion). This view is consistent with national return-to-play guidelines and is fully supported at MTBIFacts.com.

Drs. Meehan and Bachur (2009) correctly point out that there are several studies documenting no cumulative effect of multiple concussions, although some studies do show an increased risk. The differing results may be related to whether the patients studied mostly consisted of those who suffered another concussion before fully recovering from the preceding concussion or not. The number of prior concussions likely also plays a role (e.g., 2 vs 10), especially over a long sports career. However, the need for long-term prospective studies is needed to make more firm conclusions on the risk of multiple concussions.

One concern about the blog entry is that it contains a discussion of the “…long-term deficits in thinking and memory that can come as a result of concussion…” While there is a need for proper safety awareness, this must also be balanced with a need to reduce anxiety regarding the long-term effects of a single concussion, since psychological factors (including expecting certain symptoms to occur; Mittenberg, 1992) are widely known to worsen outcome. The article by Meehan and Bachur does not contain any references documenting long-term cognitive deficits from a single concussion. As McCrea (2007) discusses in his recent book (see below), longitudinal prospective studies of children and adults who have suffered a sports-related concussion do not show evidence of long-term cognitive deficits. In fact, the vast majority of such patients return to their baseline level of cognitive functioning by seven days post-injury.

REFERENCES

McCrea, M. (2007). Mild traumatic brain injury and postconcussion syndrome. The new evidence base for diagnosis and treatment. New York: Oxford University Press.

Meehan, W.P., & Bachur, R.G. (2009). Sport-related concussion. Pediatrics, 123, 114-23.

Mittenberg, W. et al. (1992). Symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury: expectation as aetiology. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 55, 200-04.

Response to concussion article

Please see the link below for a discussion of this blog entry, particularly the notion that a single concussion can be expected to cause long-term cognitive deficits.

http://www.mtbifacts.com/usnwwconcussionschildren.html

concussion prevention

The latest data reviewed and accepted by the FIFA international concussion conference last month, suggests a key mechanism in the jaw joint as a precursor to concussion suceptability. A medical procedure used to correct diagnosable cartilage damage within the TMJ has been recognized by the ADA and used by NFL and NHL players as a means of prevention. New research developing with the military will been used to screen soldiers past history, helping to determine suceptability and plot a course of correction when heading into battle or athletes to the playing field.www.mahercor.com